Search results for: 'biotin-labeled'

Cholesterol & the PCSK9 Pathway Role & Significance Cholesterol is an important molecule for normal cell function, and serves as a precursor for steroid hormones and bile acids.  Reducing LDL-C levels, most commonly by statins, has been shown to substantially reduce CVD events. However, statin therapy alone is not adequate to lower LDL-C for many patients, especially those with familial hypercholesterolemia. LDL receptors (LDLRs) play a key role in regulating ...

Custom Protein Production Cloning   Expression & Purification Activity Testing Bulk Production   With BPS Bioscience's custom protein development services, we use optimized conditions to generate recombinant proteins with high purity and high yields. Projects are composed of five milestones where data is provided after each milestone completion. Each project is customizable through working directl...

Bioactive Proteins & Enzymes BPS Bioscience specializes in manufacturing bioactive enzymes and protein complexes, offering over 2000 protein products critical for drug discovery. We feature a large selection of epigenetic and metabolic enzymes, kinases and other cell signaling proteins, as well as cancer-related proteins and their mutants, including KRAS, PARP proteins, and immune checkpoint molecules.  Contact us to learn how our products and services can help you reach your resea...

CD28 Screening Services Cluster of Differentiation 28, or CD28, is a protein which is necessary for the activation and survival of T cells. The CD28 receptor can bind to B7-1 and B7-2, proteins expressed mostly by antigen presenting cells (APCs). The interaction between B7 proteins and CD28 receptors serves as a potential method to enhance anti-tumor immunity by developing therapies that mimic B7 proteins and activate the CD28 receptor. Alternatively, in autoimmune diseases such as ...

Mechanism of JAK-STAT Signaling in Cancer Cell Signaling Pathways Understanding cell to cell communication through cytokines and other secreted factors is at the center of daily life for countless pharmaceutical researchers.  This is because cytokine-based communication is central to normal development and is often a dysfunctional step in cancer and autoimmune diseases ( 1, 2 ).  It is also of increasing importance because cytokine release syndrome is a leading caus...

Methods For Drug Discovery   Immunotherapies  based on targeting the  PD-1:PD-L1  immune checkpoint pathway are having clinical impact and are giving new hope to cancer patients. However, positive response to treatment is not guaranteed and resistance remains a concern. Improving outcomes based on immunotherapy requires multiple approaches for manipulating the complexities of the immune system and tumor microenvironment. To meet these challenges, a series of r...

TIGIT, CD155, & CD226   Promising Targets for Cancer Immunotherapies It’s possible someone you know has benefited from cancer treatments based on checkpoint receptors.  Therapeutic antibodies targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 pathways have already added years to the lives of lucky patients. Unfortunately, not everyone responds to these treatments.  This resistance drives the search for new therapies to extend the successes of existing PD-1 and CTLA-4-based treatme...

CAR T-Cell Therapy Overview CAR-T is a cross of immunotherapy, gene therapy, and cellular therapy. Many successful immunotherapies are based on checkpoint inhibitors that block the mechanisms tumor cells use to hide from T cells. CAR-T immunotherapies go one step further by engineering T cells to enhance the immune response against a specific tumor antigen. CAR-T is a promising approach for cancer and other diseases, especially severe cancers that do not respond well to othe...

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Overview NAD+ plays an important role as a cofactor in enzyme catalyzing redox reactions by transferring electrons to/from its reduced form, NADH. It also serves as a substrate for various enzymes such as Sirtuins , Poly ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs),  and CD38 .  Clinical Importance Recent studies revealed that cellular NAD+ concentration is associated with chronological aging and age-related diseases, suggesting it is important to un...

PRMT5 & Cancer   Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 ( PRMT5 ) is a critical regulatory protein linked to genome organization, cell cycle regulation, and stem cell differentiation 1 . It forms an active complex with MEP50 and transfers methyl groups from S-adenosylmethoinine (SAM) to histone proteins, transcription factors, and other regulatory proteins. These methylations form mono and symmetrically di-methylated arginine residues. Dysregulation of PRMT5 activity is assoc...

OX40 Screening Services Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4, or OX40, is an immune co-stimulatory receptor. When OX40 is bound to its ligand, OX40L, signals are transmitted that serve to enhance survival of immune cells and increase pro-inflammatory signaling.  OX40 has been linked to different types of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. OX40 is also a promising immunotherapy target because stimulation of OX40 has been implicated as a potential treat...

Bispecific Antibodies & BiTE® (Bispecific T-Cell Engager) Services   CD3/CD19 BiTE® - Mechanism of Action The CD3/CD19 BiTE® is a biopharmaceutical drug known as a Bi-specific T-cell engager for a second-line treatment for Philadelphia chromosome-negative relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It binds to CD19 on cancer cells (e.g. Raji cells) and CD3 on T cells simultaneously, thus bringing T lymphocytes closer to cancer cells expressing specific cancer ...

PARP/PARPTrap™ Screening & Profiling PARP (Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase) proteins are a large family of 17 members that catalyze the ADP-ribosylation of proteins and DNA. PARPs are part of a network of 150 proteins involved in the DNA damage response, which constantly scan and repair DNA to maintain genome integrity. The PARP proteins are involved in a wide range of biological functions: DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, mitotic spindle assembly, regulati...

TR-FRET Assays Simplify and Accelerate Drug Discovery Introduction Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) is a powerful technique commonly used to analyze the binding of two interacting molecules. Since most biological responses involve an interaction between at least two partners, TR-FRET is well suited to study a wide range of events, including many that characterize cellular signaling pathways. Possible applications are limitless: interaction ...

PARP Assays Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins play a crucial role in DNA repair mechanisms within cells. These enzymes are involved in the repair of single-strand DNA breaks through the base excision repair pathway. Inhibition of PARP proteins has emerged as a promising strategy in cancer therapy, particularly in tumors with defective DNA repair mechanisms, such as those with BRCA mutations. When PARP is inhibited, it prevents the repair of single-strand breaks, leading to th...

PRMT5/MEP50 Methylation Comparing Methylation Patterns of Recombinant PRMTs:  Abnormal PRMT5/MEP50 Methylation PRMTs – Roles & Mechanisms Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 ( PRMT5 ) is a critical regulatory protein linked to genome organization, cell cycle regulation, and stem cell differentiation 1 . It forms an active complex with MEP50 and transfers methyl groups from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to histone proteins, transcription factors, and other regula...

Targeting BCMA in Mutliple Myeloma Multiple Myeloma Multiple myeloma is the second most commonly diagnosed blood cancer, after non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Multiple myeloma is a cancer in which immortalized plasma cells accumulate in the bone marrow, causing severe pain, anemia, and kidney failure. Multiple myeloma was once considered universally fatal. Improved diagnostic methods and innovative treatments are improving patient outcomes. Still, nearly all patients eventually relapse a...

LAG3 as a Cotherapy for Immune Checkpoints Cotherapy with PD-1 Therapeutic antibodies targeting the immune checkpoint receptors PD-1 and CTLA4 substantially changed the prognosis for many cancer patients.  When successful, these treatments extend lives.  Still, cancer is relentless.  Only a relatively small number of patients respond or have substantial remission when these treatments are used as monotherapies.  Much of the current research on immunomodulating r...

SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus & COVID-19 There are seven known human coronaviruses , including the novel SARS-CoV-2. Four of these strains cause only mild respiratory symptoms; however, coronaviruses became notorious after outbreaks of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2002 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012. The SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) coronavirus, first identified in late 2019, causes severe pneumonia and respiratory infection (COVID-19).  The S...

NAMPT: Metabolism, Cancer, and Drug Discovery NAMPT & Metabolism The unique metabolic requirements of rapidly reproducing cells are classical targets for cancer treatment.  For example, rapid growth creates a high demand for ATP used in the biosynthesis of DNA and proteins.  The enzymatic cofactors  NAD +  and NADH contribute oxidizing and reducing agents required to generate ATP and regulate the resulting oxidative stress.  This need for high levels of A...

Citations   This page contains a list of scientific journal articles that have cited BPS products and services since 2013. We would like to congratulate all our loyal customers on their contributions to the scientific community. Our customers are truly amazing and dedicated scientists and this is evidenced by the outstanding research they are doing.  Search By Product Name or Catalog Number Name Title 10X HAT Assay Buffer (50095...

Enzymatic Biotinylation & BirA Biotin is a small, water soluble molecule of the vitamin B family. The most attractive property of biotin, from a biotechnological standpoint, is that it binds to avidin and to bacteria-derived streptavidin with an exceptionally high affinity and high specificity. Indeed, the binding of biotin and avidin is among the strongest noncovalent interaction known (dissociation constant in the range of 10 −14  M to 10 −15  M).  ...

CAR-T Cell Therapy Engineering T cells using a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to boost specific immune cell killing has made significant progress in the treatment of some cancer types. CAR-T cell therapy may also have potential benefits beyond cancer treatment, including treatments for infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases such as hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, lupus, and arthritis. Companies are also investigating CAR-T cell therapy in organ transplantation to eliminate the n...

CAR-T Cell Therapy Engineering T cells using a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to boost specific immune cell killing has made significant progress in the treatment of some cancer types. CAR-T cell therapy may also have potential benefits beyond cancer treatment, including treatments for infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases such as hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, lupus, and arthritis. Companies are also investigating CAR-T cell therapy in organ transplantation to eliminate the n...

Support Products & Consumables  Off-the-Shelf Solutions and Kits for Cell and Protein Analysis In scientific experimentation, even basic components such as buffers and reagents can have a significant influence on the integrity of experimental outcomes. Accurate preparation and proper selection of buffers are crucial for achieving consistent and reliable results. For instance, in processes like cell lysis, the choice of the appropriate buffer can ...

ADC and Antibody-Based Cancer Therapies Antibody-based therapies, such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and multi-specific T cell engager molecules, provide a targeted approach to treating cancers. Antibody-based therapies, such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and multi-specific T cell engager molecules, provide a targeted approach to treating cancers. Monoclonal antibodies, which are laboratory-produced molecules that bind to a specif...

HVEM, LIGHT & BTLA: New Immunotherapy Target The checkpoint receptors  HVEM ,  LIGHT ,  CD160 , and  BTLA  are part of a complex network of overlapping receptor interactions that function in both immune stimulation and suppression 1 ,  2  .  This regulatory function has made them therapeutic targets for treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases and allergies, and for improved methods of organ transplants.  While presenting opportunities for...

Protein Frequently Asked Questions FAQ Topic: -Any- General Questions KRAS FAQ Search: How do I thaw recombinant proteins? Thaw...

Immune Checkpoint Molecules Immune checkpoint molecules are crucial components of the immune system that regulate the intensity and duration of immune responses but have been usurped by cancer cells and pathogens to evade the immune system. Immune checkpoint molecules are crucial components of the immune system that regulate the intensity and duration of immune responses but have been usurped by cancer cells and pathogens...

Frequently Asked Questions BPS Bioscience is here to answer your questions and provide project guidance. On the following pages, we outline some of the most frequently asked questions separated by product type. If your question is not answered through these resources, please contact us today and we are happy to assist.  Proteins Cell Lines Assay Kits ...